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標(biāo)準(zhǔn)IEC 60364-5-53規(guī)定，出于維修原因，尤其是涉及安全的情況下，可能需要區(qū)分串聯(lián)安裝的剩余電流保護(hù)裝置，以便為未涉及故障的安裝部件（如有）提供供電連續(xù)性。可以通過選擇和安裝RCD來實(shí)現(xiàn)這種區(qū)分，以便通過靠近故障的RCD斷開電源。RCD之間有兩種類型的區(qū)分：-水平區(qū)分：通過使用專用剩余電流斷路器為每條線路提供保護(hù)；這樣，在接地故障的情況下，只有故障線路斷開，因?yàn)槠渌鸕CD沒有檢測到任何故障電流。然而，有必要提供保護(hù)措施，防止配電盤部分和RCD上游電廠的間接接觸；-垂直辨別：通過使用串聯(lián)的RCD實(shí)現(xiàn)。圖2:RCD 4.7電容電流裝置（RCD）458電氣裝置之間的水平區(qū)分| ABB 4根據(jù)IEC 60364-5-53對人體的保護(hù)，以確保串聯(lián)的兩個(gè)剩余電流保護(hù)裝置之間的區(qū)分，這些裝置應(yīng)滿足以下兩個(gè)條件：-位于電源側(cè)（上游）的剩余電流保護(hù)裝置的非動(dòng)作時(shí)間-電流特性應(yīng)高于位于負(fù)載側(cè)（下游）的剩余電流保護(hù)裝置的總動(dòng)作時(shí)間-電流特性位于電源側(cè)的裝置上的額定剩余工作電流應(yīng)高于位于負(fù)載側(cè)的剩余電流保護(hù)裝置的額定剩余工作電流。非動(dòng)作時(shí)間-電流特性是報(bào)告大時(shí)間值的曲線，在此期間，剩余電流大于剩余非動(dòng)作電流（等于0.5.I?n）涉及剩余電流斷路器，但不會(huì)導(dǎo)致跳閘。綜上所述，可以對串聯(lián)的兩個(gè)RCD進(jìn)行區(qū)分：-對于位于電源側(cè)的S型剩余電流斷路器（符合IEC 61008-1和IEC 61009），通過選擇位于下游的通用型斷路器，使用I?n等于I的三分之一?上游的n個(gè)；-對于電子剩余電流釋放，通過選擇時(shí)間和電流閾值直接大于下游裝置的上游裝置，仔細(xì)考慮公差。對于TT系統(tǒng)中配電電路中的間接觸點(diǎn)保護(hù)，I?n不得超過1s（IEC 60364-4-41，第411.3.2.4段）
The Standard IEC 60364-5-53 states that discrimination between residual current protective devices installed in series may be required for service reasons, particularly when safety is involved, to provide continuity of supply to the parts of the installation not involved by the fault, if any. This discrimination can be achieved by selecting and installing RCDs in order to provide the disconnection from the supply by the RCD closest to the fault. There are two types of discrimination between RCDs: - horizontal discrimination: it provides the protection of each line by using a dedicated residual current circuit-breaker; in this way, in case of earth fault, only the faulted line is disconnected, since the other RCDs do not detect any fault current. However, it is necessary to provide protective measures against indirect contacts in the part of the switchboard and of the plant upstream the RCD; - vertical discrimination: it is realized by using RCDs connected in series. Figure 2: Horizontal discrimination between RCDs 4.7 Resiual current devices (RCDs) 458 Electrical devices | ABB 4 Protection of human beings According to IEC 60364-5-53, to ensure discrimination between two residual current protective devices in series, these devices shall satisfy both the following conditions: - the non-actuating time-current characteristic of the residual current protective device located on the supply side (upstream) shall lie above the total operating time-current characteristic of the residual current protective device located on the load side (downstream); - the rated residual operating current on the device located on the supply side shall be higher than that of the residual current protective device located on the load side. The non-actuating time-current characteristic is the curve reporting the maximum time value during which a residual current greater than the residual non-operating current (equal to 0.5.I ?n ) involves the residual current circuitbreaker without causing the tripping. As a conclusion, discrimination between two RCDs connected in series can be achieved: - for S type residual current circuit-breakers, located on the supply side, (complying with IEC 61008-1 and IEC 61009), time-delayed type, by choosing general type circuit-breakers located downstream with I?n equal to one third of I?n of the upstream ones; - for electronic residual current releases by choosing the upstream device with time and current thresholds directly greater than the downstream device, keeping carefully into consideration the tolerances. For the protection against indirect contacts in distribution circuits in TT system, the maximum disconnecting time at I?n shall not exceed 1 s (IEC 60364-4-41, par. 411.3.2.4)
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